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Refeudalization: Changes Undermining the Foundations of Western Democracies – Carolis Massimo de – Hell Marginem – 2026 – ISBN 978-5-908105-38-5

Refeudalization: Changes Undermining the Foundations of Western Democracies
14.99 €
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Refeudalization: Changes Undermining the Foundations of Western Democracies
14.99 €
In basket
The political and philosophical essay "Refeudalization" (2025) by Massimo de Carolis (b. 1954) comprehensively substantiates the widespread thesis about the advent of a "new Middle Ages." The present is characterized by increasing economic and political inequality. Power is shifting from sovereign nation-states to large tech corporations, private military companies, and so on. The number of those living on "feudal rent" is increasing—a tech corporation only needs to achieve a monopoly position to extract money from users without producing anything and without making serious investments in the business. Finally, the role of personal connections is sharply increasing—leaders need loyal followers, corporations need loyal users, and so on. According to de Carolis, these changes are caused by contradictions that initially existed in Western society in the early modern period. The author does not limit himself to analysis, but also proposes a solution: protect free markets from big capital and encourage self-governance in communities that can resist destructive forces.
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