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Philip the Fair and his sons. France, late 13th – early 14th centuries.

14.99 €
Out of stock
Philip the Fair and his sons. France, late 13th – early 14th centuries.
14.99 €
The era of the last Capetians (1285-1328) was a time of great achievements for the French monarchy. The main character of this era was rightfully the French king Philip IV the Fair - a stern and powerful ruler who was already a mystery to his contemporaries. He was called the "iron king" and the "marble king". It was during his reign that France reached the height of its power. Philip IV fought the papacy, refusing to recognize the supremacy of spiritual power over secular and initiating the "Avignon captivity of the popes"; he expanded the possessions of the French crown, suppressing the resistance of the major lords. Under Philip, the brilliant French knighthood suffered its first defeat at the hands of the infantry, Flemish weavers and artisans, in the famous battle of Courtrai. And it was by order of Philip that Notre Dame Cathedral was built in the center of Paris, which later became the main symbol of the French capital. Finally, Philip's reign was marked by a high-profile event that left a lasting memory: the arrest, trial and execution of the Knights Templar.
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