When Conscience Commands. Cultural Origins of the 1864 Judicial Reform in Russia
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The judicial reform of 1864 was an attempt at radical transformation of Russian society, not only in the legal but also in the moral sphere. Beginning in the 1830s and 1840s, in public discourse, people, the state, and its laws began to be linked by a complex network of various concepts and feelings, and the “duty of conscience” and “sense of truth” began to be perceived as means of ethical revision of Russian life, accessible to all classes.
Tatyana Borisova’s research focuses on the concept of conscience, which often entered into contradictory relations with the concept of legality. Why did legality and legal proceedings in the Russian Empire begin to be perceived by a significant part of the educated class as immoral and amoral? How did conscience acquire great transformative power, the effect of which turned out to be unpredictable for the reformers themselves? And why did judicial practice generated by the changes become a striking phenomenon of Russian culture, but at the same time slow down the formation of legal self-awareness and civil society?
Tatyana Borisova is a historian, Doctor of Law, and Associate Professor at the National Research University Higher School of Economics in St. Petersburg.
Tatyana Borisova’s research focuses on the concept of conscience, which often entered into contradictory relations with the concept of legality. Why did legality and legal proceedings in the Russian Empire begin to be perceived by a significant part of the educated class as immoral and amoral? How did conscience acquire great transformative power, the effect of which turned out to be unpredictable for the reformers themselves? And why did judicial practice generated by the changes become a striking phenomenon of Russian culture, but at the same time slow down the formation of legal self-awareness and civil society?
Tatyana Borisova is a historian, Doctor of Law, and Associate Professor at the National Research University Higher School of Economics in St. Petersburg.
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